Huan Wang, Yong-lai Zhang, Hong Xia, qidai chen, Kwang-Sup Lee and Hongbo Sun
Recent advancements in nanotechnology continue to stimulate the development of functional devices based on nanomaterials. However, controllable assembly of these tiny nanomaterials into functional structures is still a big challenge for practical applications, nowhere is this more obvious than in the fields of nanodevices. Currently, despite the fact that self-assembly technologies have revealed great potential to reach this end, serious problems with respect to morphology control, designable assembly and even flexible patterning set huge obstacle to the fabrication of functional devices. Nowadays, in addition to self-assembly technologies that make use of relative weak interaction force, photodynamic assembly (PDA) technology has emerged as a promising route to architect functional materials in a controlled manner. In this review, we summarize the recent development in PDA technology for flexible patterning of NPs. Basic fundamentals of PDA that resort to optical trapping (OT) and typical examples regarding to far-field/near-field OT for PDA of various nanoparticles (NPs) have been reviewed. Particularly, femtosecond laser induced photodynamic assembly (FsL-PDA) that enable designable patterning of NPs through a direct writing manner has been introduced. Finally, current challenges and future prospects of this dynamic field are discussed based on our own opinion.
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